Open Heart surgery is a surgery that requires opening the chest to perform the surgery of the heart. Open Heart generally denotes opening of the chest to perform surgery and not the heart as the heart may or may not be opened since many alternative methods of surgeries are available. Surgery of the heart muscle, arteries, valves and other structures are included in open-heart surgery. With the advancement of medical science and technological growth doctors are more equipped and competent to handle open-heart surgeries. goforsurgery.com offers information regarding heart surgeries.

On Pump Open Heart Bypass Surgery:

An open heart bypass surgery is performed under general anesthesia, which requires that the patient be on a ventilator during surgery.

Surgery begins with harvesting the blood vessels that will become the grafts. The saphenous vein in the leg is commonly used because it is long enough to create multiple grafts. If the saphenous vein cannot be used, vessels from the arm can be used instead. The left internal mammary artery is used for a single graft and is taken once the chest is opened for surgery.

Once the saphenous vein has been recovered, the chest is opened by making an incision along the sternum, or breastbone. The surgeon then cuts the sternum, allowing the chest cavity to be opened, giving the surgeon access to the heart.

In the traditional CABG procedure, the heart is stopped with a potassium solution so the surgeon is not attempting to work on a moving vessel, and the blood is circulated by a heart-lung machine. At this time the heart-lung machine does the work of the heart and the lungs, and the ventilator is not used.

The surgeon places the grafts, either rerouting blood around the blockage, or removing and replacing the blocked vessel. The amount of time on the heart-lung bypass machine is determined by the speed at which the surgeon is able to work, primarily, how many grafts are needed.

Once the grafts are complete, the heart is started and provides blood and oxygen to the body. The sternum is returned to its original position and closed using surgical wire, to provide strength the bone needs to heal, and the incision is closed.